Chilean Needle-grass

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Chilean Needle-grass - John Edwards via NatureShare | Chilean Needle-grass - John Edwards via NatureShare | Chilean Needle-grass - John Edwards via NatureShare

Nassella neesiana


Dense, arching tussocks with leaves to 30 cm long and 5 mm wide, flat and strongly ribbed on their upper surface, with leaf edges that are rough to touch. Flowering stems to 1 m high. Spikelets in loose clusters to 40 cm long are distinctively purplish when young.


Details
Flora Type
Grasses
Distinctive Features

The sharp-pointed seeds easily attach to the coats of animals, clothing and machinery, aiding its spread.

Biology

Perennial. Poor soils. Hardy species that survives fire, drought and frost. Stock avoid eating it, reducing farm productivity by as much as 50% during summer. It can produce thousands of seeds per square metre, which stay viable in the soil for many years.

Native Status
Introduced
Flowering Time

Sep-Feb

Taxonomy
Phylum
Tracheophyta (Vascular Plants)
Class
Magnoliopsida (Flowering Plants)
Order
Poales
Family
Poaceae
Genus
Nassella
Species
neesiana

Chilean needle grass is a declared noxious weed throughout Vic. It is also a declared weed of National Significance. It is threatening endangered native grasslands as well as productive pastures throughout significant regions of south-eastern Australia.


Interesting Facts
Similar Species

This weed can look very similar to native speargrasses Austrostipa spp. To distinguish, compare the seeds. Chilean needle-grass seeds have a raised crown (corona), a ridge of small teeth circling the awn (bristle), located at the junction of the seed and the awn. Austrostipa seeds do not have this feature.

Native Status
Introduced